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Super Keyword in Python



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super Keyword in Python

The super keyword in Python is used to call a method from the parent class. It is commonly used in the context of inheritance to invoke the superclass's methods.

Using super with __init__ Method

When a subclass overrides the __init__ method, the super function can be used to call the __init__ method of the parent class.


class Animal:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

class Dog(Animal):
    def __init__(self, name, breed):
        super().__init__(name)
        self.breed = breed

# Create an instance of Dog
dog = Dog('Buddy', 'Golden Retriever')
print(dog.name)  # Output: Buddy
print(dog.breed) # Output: Golden Retriever

Using super with Other Methods

In addition to __init__, the super function can be used to call any method from the parent class.


class Shape:
    def area(self):
        return 0

class Square(Shape):
    def __init__(self, side):
        self.side = side

    def area(self):
        return self.side ** 2

class Cube(Square):
    def area(self):
        return 6 * super().area()

# Create an instance of Cube
cube = Cube(3)
print(cube.area()) # Output: 54
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